Cloning is ethically and morally wrongThe issue shakes us all to the core. For humans, considering mutual cloning forces them all to question the very concepts of right and wrong. Cloning of any species, human or non-human, is ethically and morally wrong. Scientists and ethicists have debated widely about the implications of human and non-human cloning since 1997, when scientists at the Roslin Institute in Scotland produced Dolly. No direct conclusions have been drawn, but compelling arguments state that cloning of both human and non-human species causes harmful physical and psychological effects on both groups. The following issues relating to cloning and its ethical and moral implications will be addressed: that cloning of human beings would result in serious psychological effects on the cloned child and that cloning of non-human species subjects them to unethical or moral treatment for human needs. possible physical harm that could occur if human cloning became a reality is evident when considering the total loss of life that occurred before Dolly was born. Fewer than ten percent of initial transfers survive to become healthy creatures. 277 core test implantations were carried out. Nineteen of these 277 were deemed healthy while the others were discarded. Five of these nineteen survived, but four died within ten days of birth due to severe anomalies. Dolly was the only one to survive (Fact: Adler 1996). If those nuclei were human, "counting the cell bodies would seem like real carnage" (Logic: Kluger 1997). Even Ian Wilmut, one of the accredited scientists on the cloning phenomenon at the Roslin Institute, agrees: "the more you interfere with reproduction, the greater the danger that things will go wrong" (expert opinion). The psychological effects of cloning are less obvious, but nevertheless very plausible. In addition to physical damage, that's it! are concerns about psychological harm to cloned human children. One of these damages is the loss of identity, or sense of uniqueness and individuality. Many argue that cloning creates serious problems of identity and individuality and forces humans to consider their definition of self. Gilbert Meilaender commented on the importance of genetic uniqueness not only for the child but also for the parent when he appeared before the National Advisory Commission on Bioethics on March 13, 1997. He states that "children begin with a kind of genetic independence [ of the parent].