The influx of water into soils is called infiltration. The amount of water infiltrated by the soil depends on the slope of the land, the type of vegetation, the type of soil and the soil saturated with water. The larger the size of the opening surface, the greater the infiltration rate (Plaster, 1992). Subsequently the water will become saturated and the excess water will have to drain elsewhere. This will result in the outflow process. Runoff is the surface flow from high elevation areas to lower elevations. Plaster (1992) stated that the runoff process occurs when rain or snowmelt cannot be absorbed by the soil and flows into streams or lakes. Runoff can come from precipitation and melted snow or ice. The process of runoff is very important in the water cycle because it helps water travel to different parts and can also change the phase from liquid to gas or solid. As water traveling over the ground becomes saturated or snow melts, gravity will pull the water or melted snow to fall down the mountain, hill, or other slope to form or join the river (Perlman, 2016). As the water travels, high forces will give way, scarring the surface of the ground. This is where the water will collect all the loose materials such as sediments such as rocks and sands to scrape the surface of the lands. Beyond that, not all precipitation will
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