After the Civil War, African Americans encountered great discrimination and suffering. During this era, two influential leaders emerged from different philosophical fields. Brooker T. Washignton of Virginia and William Edward Burghardt Dubois of Massachusetts proposed several means to improve conditions for African Americans. These men had a common goal of enriching the black community. However, the methods they advocated for achieving these goals differed significantly. Washington was a prominent public figure from 1890 to 1915; many even considered him a spokesperson for the African American community, especially after the Atlanta Compromise speech of 1895. In his speech, he asked white Americans to help blacks find work and gain knowledge. He did not experience the harsh conditions of slavery. Dubois grew up in a predominantly white community, and at Harvard University he became the first African American to earn a doctorate. Like Washington, Dubois agreed that “blacks” needed to become economically independent and find civil equality. However, WEB Dubois took offense at racial injustice and inequality. Du Bois understood Washington's agenda, but believed that this was not the solution. Unlike Washington, he demanded that African Americans immediately have the right to vote, equal rights, and greater equal educational opportunities. WEB Dubois wanted educational reform to meet the requirements of African American students. WEB Du Bois declared African American demands through his “Declaration of Principles of the Niagara Movement,” in which he called for social equality. This movement led to the creation of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). NAACP leaders have often criticized Washington. WEB Dubois opposed Washington's methods regarding discrimination against blacks. Washington believed that the only way to end racial segregation against blacks in the long term was to gain support and cooperation with whites. Dubois wanted full equality