Palanti expresses a unique/particular style through his architectural work; his work shows an “inclination toward heavy ornamentation and a deft handling of mass and proportion” (Neumann 142). By slightly modifying the definitions, this description can easily apply to Dante's writing style. One need only look at the elaborate and meticulously crafted world of Hell to see that Dante is a master architect in his own right. He constructs his vision of hell so painstakingly and creatively that it not only persists, but continues to inspire many years after its construction. Alice K. Turner credits Dante's “architectural ingenuity” for the enduring popularity of the Inferno (33). His construction of Hell is a “direct inversion” of the Ptolemaic model of the universe, in which nine spheres orbit the earth in concentric circles (Turner 135). Instead of descending towards the Heavens, the nine circles of Dante's Hell are channeled towards the center of the earth. Each circle is lower and smaller in circumference than the previous one, resembling “the stands of the amphitheater,” according to Hilger. The landscape variations range from open green fields, to swamps, to scorching desert, to forest, and more (Turner 133). Hell's rich artificial scenery includes "underground dikes, ditches, castles, [and] paved trenches"; Dante's attention to detail