Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are companies that provide users with access to the Internet by providing them with necessary equipment, such as routers. This allows people to use email, browsers, and the Web around the world. People who use the Internet at home will pay ISPs a fixed amount of money per month in order to have constant access to the Internet. Business users will pay a monthly or annual fee and will have a much stronger connection because they normally pay much more. ISPs will give you access to the World Wide Web, email, web space, Internet application software, and technical support. They also provide users with a hub/switch. ISPs are very important because without them users would not be able to access the Internet. They wouldn't have the right devices or software to connect to the internet. This demonstrates the role of the ISP in web architecture, as it provides people and businesses with the necessary equipment that allows them to use the Internet. Web hosting services are services that allow users and businesses to create a website and allow other people to access it using the World Wide Web. Different organizations host websites in many different ways, such as cloud hosting and Server hosting are two ways in which you can access websites using the Internet. Server hosting is like renting a house or apartment, however with server hosting the user will get a set amount of space on a server so they can put their website on the World Wide Web. 'server hosting is very good because if web hosting services did not offer it, if someone wants to create a website, they would have to buy their own server, this can be very expensive and if everyone had to buy a server to create a website, then there wouldn't be so many of us... middle of paper ......users manage their emails. (Beal, n.d.)Proxy servers are servers that sit between the application and the main server. When you send a request to access a web page, the proxy server will attempt to perform the task by accepting requests, and if the proxy server cannot execute the request, it will send it to the server it was supposed to go to. Proxy servers serve two purposes. The first is to improve performance and the second is to filter requests. The first is done by reusing requests. For example, if a user requests to go to page 1, then another user later sends a request for the same page, instead of sending the request to the web server, the proxy will simply return the page 1 obtained by the first user and send it to the in secondly, then reuse requests. It also filters requests, and a company can manage what their employers do using a proxy. (Beal, n.d.)