IndexIntroductionMarx's Greatest IdeologiesMarx's Key WorksDiscussionConclusionReferencesIntroductionGerman-born economist, political theorist, and philosopher, Karl Marx wrote some of the most revolutionary philosophical materials ever generated. During his lifetime, in fact, his writings were so relevant to the human situation that he was expelled from his homeland. But this event allowed him to find an audience suited to his most significant ideas. Marx moved to London after leaving his country and began working with fellow German Friedrich Engels. Together, they proposed an analysis of the dynamics of class, culture, and authority that uncovered significant inequalities and highlighted the economic prerogatives of state-sponsored violence, oppression, and war. Marx predicted that capitalism's inequalities and violence would ultimately lead to its downfall. From its ashes would emerge a new socialist system, a classless society in which all participants (as opposed to merely wealthy private owners) would have access to the means of production. What made the Marxist system of thought so effective was its innate call to action, expressed in Marx's advocacy for a working-class revolution aimed at overthrowing an unequal system. Marxism's fundamental philosophy and its revolutionary enthusiasm would spread across the world, eventually transforming entire spheres of places like Red China, Eastern Europe, and Soviet Russia. Karl Marx governed in many respects a philosophical revolution that remains in numerous forms of communism, socialism, socialized democracy, and grassroots political organization in the contemporary world. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay Marx's Greatest Ideologies They held a view called historical materialism, advocating the unmasking of thought and idealism in favor of a more careful recognition of the physical and material actions that shape the world. He argued that societies develop through class struggle and that this would ultimately lead to the dismantling of capitalism. Characterized capitalism as a system of production in which there are intrinsic conflicts of interests between the bourgeoisie (the ruling class) and the proletariat (the working class) and that these conflicts are expressed in the idea that the latter must sell their labor to first for wages that offer no participation in production. Marx's Key Works Critique of Hegel's “Philosophy of Right” (1843) Capital: A Critique of Political Economy (1867). DiscussionMarxism is the most influential body of thought in the world which has brought about significant change over the of human history. Despite the capitalist class's desperate attempts to bury it, in the status quo it is more important than ever to address humanity's pressing problems. Marx and his companion Frederick Engels showed, among their many discoveries, how capitalism comprises a transitory stage of social development and how it would be replaced by higher stages. But this could not happen without the free will of the people, and Marx and Engels declared that the historical task of the working class was to lead revolutionary change towards a self-governing, non-exploitation community. Marx also revealed how the exploitation of labor and capital accumulation would occur under capitalism. The world today is a very different place from that of Marx's time. But even then, Marx saw contradictions emerging that would ultimately develop into the crises of contemporary capitalism. ThereCapitalist economic globalization, production on an unfathomable scale and the resulting concentration and centralization of wealth, as well as mass communications, social media and technological revolutions have created a fundamental contradiction: the economic capacity to satisfy all human material needs combined with a “extreme crisis”. In India there are ideologues, social theorists and political leaders who, like people in other parts of the world, reject Marx's theory based on incomplete knowledge. Indian opponents of Marx have two kinds of views on Marx's theory: 1) Marx's theory was relevant only to 19th century Europe and today's circumstances are quite different; 2) Marx's theory may be relevant to other countries, but not to India, as Marx never wrote about the caste system. But Karl Marx was one of the first thinkers to draw attention to the highly deleterious impact of caste in Indian society and its causal link. to production relations. Karl Marx termed Indian castes in his famous essay “The Future Results of British Rule in India” as “the most decisive obstacle to the progress and power of India”. In social terms, Marx argued that the Indian caste system was based on the hereditary division of labor, inseparably linked to the immutable technological base and subsistence economy of the Indian village community. Today under Modi's government, there is nationwide labor unrest, jobless growth, skyrocketing unemployment, the rapid unleashing of neoliberal policies that have created a colossal wealth gap between various sectors of society. 73% of the national wealth is in the hands of just 1% of the ultra-rich. Therefore, Karl Marx's theory of “contradiction and crisis of capitalism” remains very relevant to Indian democracy. This “extreme crisis” also has special impacts based on race, gender, and nationality between advanced and developing capitalist economies. Profits and wealth accumulation lead to ever larger and more destructive crises such as the 2008 global financial crisis, mass economic migration, poverty, hunger, disease, and the increasing displacement of workers through a technological revolution. Capitalism cannot solve these crises. Their resolution requires intervention through the organized power of the working class and the people, global working class solidarity and radical social reorganization. Capitalist development has created two existential threats to humanity and nature: the climate crisis and the danger of nuclear war. Militarism and the growing danger of nuclear war threaten humanity today. At every level, American society is militarized. In the midst of growing capitalist and regional rivalries and between capitalist states and socialist-oriented states, a new global nuclear arms race has begun. The United States is spending more than $2 trillion on nuclear modernization to make it easier to deploy and use a new class of more dangerous nuclear weapons. The risk of a nuclear disaster now exceeds that of the Cold War. The danger of authoritarianism and fascism has also increased in the United States and Europe. Trump and the so-called “old right” or fascists associated with him pose an unprecedented threat to democracy, peace and the environment. Marx remains relevant because capitalism is fundamentally based on inequality of the worst order, and socialism can provide an answer to both questions of class and caste in Indian conditions. We must not accept any kind of social order based on inequality. We must also understand that Marxist revolutionaries/