IndexIntroductionDiscussionConclusionReferences:IntroductionIndonesia is the largest Muslim-majority country in the world. Indonesia, which has a strategic geographical position, has a large population and diverse ethnic groups, languages ​​and religions. Indonesians who adhere to Islam according to data from the Central Statistics Office are 207,176,162 people or approximately 87% of the total Indonesian population. This majority community represents Indonesia's challenge in addressing the problem of radicalism and terrorism. The issue of Islamic terrorism emerged after the September 11, 2001 incident that killed around 3,000 people. The terrorist act was carried out by the terrorist group Al-Qaeda, then led by Osama Bin Laden. Furthermore, in Indonesia, Islamic terrorists emerged after the Bali bombing in 2002, and a series of terrorism cases that continue to occur cause Indonesia to be considered a terrorist den. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an Original Essay Radicalism and terrorism in Indonesia can easily spread to various groups. An example of this is when the suicide bombing in Surabaya, where the culprit is a family, starts from parents up to 3 children, each aged 18 years, 16 years and 12 years. The notion of terrorism can be found in law number 15 of 2003 which provides for the provision of a replacement provision for law number 1 of 2002 regarding the eradication of criminal acts of terrorism, namely: "Terrorism is the use of violence or the threat of violence to create an atmosphere of terror or fear towards people on a widespread basis or cause mass casualties, confiscation of the independence or loss of life and property of others or causing damage or destruction to vital strategic objects or property 'environment or to public structures or international structures'. While radicalism refers to a broad dictionary of the Indonesian language is "understanding or flow that wants social and political change or reform through violence or drastic". began in the early days of Indonesian independence, namely DI/TII, led by Kartosuwiryo DI/TII rebelled against the Indonesian government with the aim of establishing an Islamic State of Indonesia. Until the post-reform period there were still many radical Islamic groups such as Jamaah Islamiyah, Jamaah Anshar Daulah and East Indonesia Mujahidin. each target group. The term deradicalization refers to the effort to confront radical groups so as not to be radical aimed at those who have been involved in terrorist activities. The deradicalization program itself is carried out by the National Counter-Terrorism Service (BNPT) which is based on Presidential Regulation Number 46 of 2010 relating to the National Counter-Terrorism Agency. The BNPT has the primary task of developing policies and strategies, secondly of coordinating government agencies in implementing tasks, thirdly of implementing policies by forming a task force composed of government elements in accordance with their respective tasks, functions and authorities. The BNPT tends to use a soft approach, whereas in managing terrorism it uses the “hearts and minds” approach which is part of counter-terrorism activities to resolve issues that are considered the root cause of the emergence of a group of people to carry out acts of terrorism. Since lately there is still legal inequality in handling the issue of deradicalization and terrorism programs, the BNPT is not yet effective. Discussion The background of Indonesia is that of a landfertile or “paradise,” both as a source of group recruitment and action: First, the Islamic movement religious factor embraced by the majority of Indonesian people. Secondly, geographical factors are very influential. The vastness of the territory and the expanse of the Indonesian islands have greatly benefited terrorism. Because their mobility will be very difficult to detect. Additionally, various US facilities located in Indonesia are being targeted. And the capacity of the security forces is also limited. Third, the main cause is the socio-economic factors of the attackers, which are very worrying. The point is poverty and discrimination. According to them, it is better to seek heaven than to live in poverty and always be rewarded with beautiful rewards after death. Fourth, the charisma factor of those who spread the doctrine is influential. For example Dr. Azhari or Noordin Moh. Above, his followers in Indonesia were very fascinated by the grandeur of these two figures. Above all, how they voluntarily leave all the worldly pleasures they have for jihad. Fifth, a person's level of education influences his or her understanding of Islam. Interpretations are also carried out by terrorist groups, but they translate the sacred verses only in black and white. Jihad is no longer interpreted as resistance to oneself, but as killing and destruction of everything related to the West. They also did not feel guilty about participating in the sacrifice of non-US people in the bombing, because it was different from assassination. That is, bomb victims are intermediaries to transmit messages to desired parties. According to Benny Sumardiana the way they spread the radical teachings is that the government should be able to anticipate them as efficiently as possible to avoid all the very serious risks. . The first is to spread radical understanding through educational institutions. Students are targets easily influenced by extremists because their psychological condition remains fragile if their teacher or friends spread radical ideas. The second is diffusion through religious institutions. In places of worship in Jakarta and surrounding areas, they have been identified as exposed to radicalism, obviously the place of worship can be rhetorical from their sermons so that their listeners can be infected with radicalism. Third through social conditions. Referring to the suicide bombing incident in Surabaya, one of the families became a suicide bomber. Children will follow their parents' teachings so that they too will be exposed to radicalism. So, a fairly simple way to find is to spread a lot of content containing propaganda through the Internet to recruit potential terrorist members via the Internet. ISIS is one of the most active terrorist groups propagating on the Internet. After being exposed to understanding radicalism, they tend to have siakp characteristics that can be identified. First of all, they are intelligent, they don't want to hear opinions, beliefs or even respect others. Both will be fanatics, they will always feel right, even considering other people who don't agree with him to be wrong. Third exclusive, he will tend to stand out from other people even with religious people. Finally, the fourth is that they are revolutionaries, that is, they have the desire to be reached by all means, including violence. The current implementation of the deradicalization program carried out by the security forces is limited to the level of policy makers at the headquarters or at the central level as in the scope of Kemenkopolhukam and BNPT. The deradicalization programitself has actually been carried out since 2005 and was introduced by the National Police, specifically the Police Bomb Task Force. The initial goal of the program is to make some terrorist prisoners cooperative in the police force and provide information to support investigations and investigations. Furthermore, the program was also intended to prevent inmates from displaying hostile attitudes and behavior towards those they perceived as enemies. ForFor this reason, several law enforcement officers who possessed certain qualities, such as extensive experience in dealing with and investigating terrorists of Muslim origin, were selected, so that they also understood the unique culture of radical group networks. At present, the synergy of the deradicalization program does not yet seem capable of anticipating several problems. In terms of conceptualization, deradicalization is not just limited to rehabilitation because in reality the program also includes the families of terrorist prisoners. But Dedi Prasetyo continues to assert that this deradicalization program is not yet working effectively due to the conflict between the two commands in coordination, communication and cooperation. Furthermore, Prasetyo also argued that the difficulties faced were the quality of human resources of the apparatus in the deradicalization programme. Meaningful deradicalization of deideologization should be a program aimed at all levels of society. Where indicators of program success include the growth of the ability to identify and prevent as early as possible the existence of a danger or threat of radical understanding spread by leaders, supporters or sympathizers of the radical movement. Both conventionally and using social media or information technology are growing very rapidly today. Deradicalization programs must be implemented in synergy between the security forces as the main component and also by all other components of the nation as a supporting component to enhance the capacity of the preventive and deterrence force of the community against the development of radical ideas that lead to acts of terrorism. The most difficult deradicalization parameters to achieve are: The first is openness. The second is critical thinking. the third is the feeling of the context of daar al harb (state of war) and daar as salam (state of peace). Kempat has empathy for the victims of terrorism. The fifth is the release of violence. The sixth is self-responsibility. The seventh is continuous learning. The eighth is an adaptation to the larger community. The ninth is social reintegration. The tenth is independence of mind, for example avoiding outright obedience. Eleventh is tolerance towards other community groups. The twelfth is a good relationship with diverse members of society. The thirteenth is understanding local wisdom. Fourteenth is citizenship. The fifteenth is courage against group pressure. The sixteenth is to openly promote an anti-violence message. The seventeenth is perseverance in promoting anti-violence messages to the public; and the eighteenth are young people who are inspired to be agents of change in promoting anti-violence messages. According to former terrorism convicts, achieving openness towards people outside the jihadist group is not easy but it is still possible. In contrast, young people who are inspired to be agents of change in promoting anti-violence messages in mass media or online media or forums are the most difficult, although some former terrorist activists have achieved this. Considering the success or failure of rehabilitation, the next goal of this final phase is to strengthen the results.