According to Forgione (2008) disasters are classified into two distinct categories: natural disasters, which consist of earthquakes, floods and hurricanes; and man-made disasters, such as terrorism and industrial catastrophes. The complexity, location or time of the next disaster cannot be predicted by anyone, however, man-made disasters, especially people involved in terrorism, health workers consider them to be the most challenging disaster threat due to the unpredictability of the exploit and the number of victims involved. A mass exploit is considered to be an event that causes large losses that disturb the normal ability of the affected community to function. The diversity and severity of injuries, in addition to the number of victims, is an important factor in deciding whether the mass casualty incident will overload that location's medical and public health infrastructure. There is a popular story that all disasters are different, but the common thing after every disaster is the underlying medical and public health problems that are shared by all disasters where their etiology is not considered. Triage is considered the most important task in the disaster response scenario. Disaster triage is different than standard medical triage in that it offers many benefits to the patient, while disaster triage provides the greatest benefit for a large number of patients. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay According to Katez et al (2017) the prevention and preparedness of emergency situations at the local level with city and rural authorities, tribal leaders and governors responsible for any disaster. Officials with excessive emergency management functions are traditionally mandated by state and regional government. Responsibilities for biological threats fall to emergency response agencies, public and private medical institutions, state and regional public health departments who typically lack clear funding mechanisms for sustained preparedness activities, with no shortage of competing priorities . Federal planning guidance stipulates that state and local officials will lead the initial response to a disaster or emergency, with federal measures only coming into play under certain conditions. According to Haigh and Amaratunga (2010) a sequence of disasters that gradually increased the degree of unpredictability faced by emergency arrangements and questioned policy makers. The roots and causes of these disasters are very extensive, but they have reinforced the need to proactively determine disaster risk and increase a community's flexibility as part of sustainable development criteria. The findings outlined here serve to highlight and support the growing identification that built environment managers have an important role to play in effective disaster planning. It also appears highly desirable that the discipline of the built environment is able to guarantee increasing resilience through an interdisciplinary methodology. The term built environment originated and was used in the 1990s and, although relatively new, attempts to describe the outcome of human activities in an integrated and holistic concept. The tasks considered central in their work concern the "design, planning, maintenance, management and monitoring of the aesthetic and functional structures of built environments" and "the development and discovery of adequate solutions regarding the standard and use of the built domain in the context rural, suburban and urban".areas. According to Fernandez et al (2002) the ability of a disaster victim to respond, prepare for and recover from a disaster depends on a variety of factors that are usually beyond the individual's rapid control. The longevity and severity of the event, the efficiency of warning systems, the patient's health status and access to resources are some of the factors that influence an individual's response and ability to recover. Sufferers, who are socially isolated and confined to their homes or who have compromised adaptability, may meet halfway in their potential to respond to and recover from disasters. Individuals who regularly depend on medications, nursing care, and the provision of care and food from voluntary agencies may also be unsafe. Previously existing limitations, such as limited mobility, can present significant disadvantages during disasters. In sudden disasters such as earthquakes and floods, older adults may be physically helpless to protect themselves or quickly leave a building. According to Shi (2012) in different political and economic systems the government plays various roles in managing public problems and affairs. But in the case of public affairs such as government disaster risk management, the government plays an important role with the federal and economic system of the capitalist market. Everyone is equal in the eyes of the law and the government must take responsibility for the well-being of the people in managing disaster risk. Since this is an era of scientific development, the government is willing to play a leading role in disaster management; this duty is part of the power given to the overall system, policy development and implementation methodology and legislation covering integrated disaster risk management. As a country affected by many natural calamities and major disaster situations, it has paid attention to its legislation related to the management of different natural disasters. As part of the organization of the Legislative Affairs Bureau of the State Council, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress has adopted several regulations on integrated disaster risk management. A comprehensive set of laws and regulations have been established especially in the case of disaster relief and emergency management, which represents the leading role played by governments at different levels. People's governments at the national level will be responsible for responding to emergencies occurring within their administrative areas; the responsibility is assumed by the people's government of the next higher level, to which the people's governments of the indicated administrative areas are subordinated, or the people's governments of the next higher level of the respective people's governments of the said administrative areas jointly assume the responsibility. According to Atlay and Green (2006) disasters are large intractable problems that test the ability of nations and communities to effectively protect their infrastructure and populations, reduce both the loss of property and human resources, and recover quickly. The true randomness of impacts and effects and the originality of incidents require dynamic, effective, cost-efficient and real-time solutions, thus making the topic very suitable for OR/MS research. While the humanities and social sciences literature enjoys an unlimited number of articles on natural disaster management, the operating room/multiple sclerosis community has yet to produce a critical mass. Emergency response efforts consist of two different phases; pre-event and post-event response. Pre-event tasksinclude predicting and analyzing potential hazards and developing action plans necessary for clearance. The post-event response begins while the disaster is still ongoing. In this phase we talk about assignment, coordination, management and localization of vehicles. An effective emergency response plan should integrate both of these phases into its objective. They also include the separation of pre- and post-loss intentions which can lead to suboptimal solutions to the overall problem. According to Welzel et al (2010) the population is gradually increasing, which allows for a greater effect after small and small large events alike. Furthermore, medical systems suffer from day-to-day disorder and lack of potential for even small increases in patient populations and even patient types. To increase the volume of long-term crisis patients, there may be a short-term increase in surge demand. EDs become the target of patients when primary care or health and outpatient systems do not do their job efficiently. There are many actions to take to manage disaster risk. Alternative health centers can be opened, a number of elective surgeries can be cancelled, Ed patients in stable condition and hospitalized can be discharged, off-duty or reserve staff can be called in to manage the catastrophic surge. A clear plan must be in place to define who has the power to take the first step in the event of a disaster for the system to work effectively. Furthermore, the trigger points that trigger these costly measures are specified. According to Manastireanu (2010) the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction defines disaster as an incident with major and severe damage to human lives, material, environmental and economic losses beyond the potential of the disaster victims to manage with their own resources. The study of post-disaster needs regarding common multi-trauma care and intensive care is the basis for infrastructure developments in the pre-disaster phase. This will allow further interest in the impossibility of addressing all sufferers, especially children and women. Recognition and assessment of risks during the pre-disaster phase allows you to prepare the response to possible disaster effects, create positive conditions for efficiency and ignore both an underestimation and an overestimation, if possible. Preparedness programs should include training members of regional communities in the provision of medical care that should be more appropriate, accurate and also sustainable. National emergency management must be able to identify lines of authority at national and local levels; databases of national experts from different fields of medicine can be consulted on specific issues; formal procedures and constraints to coordinate efforts with other countries and local officials within the country. Undoubtedly the ability to manage a situation depends on the existing infrastructure and how effectively the intensive care systems for the pre-existing treatment of polytrauma in the affected areas can be efficiently organized and manage the problem. According to Campbell and Abrahams (2011) the increase in the number of disasters and the sufferers or victims of the disaster are linked to the threats arising from climate change which has drawn national and international attention to the risks arising from disasters and how to get rid of the situation . Participants from various international and national communities are more aware of the importance of preventive measures before disasters occur through reducing the risk of.