The Communist Manifesto written by Karl Marx in 1848 is considered one of the most influential political documents in the world. The publication of the book earned Marx a reputation as an eminent sociologist and political theorist. Despite his fame, there are numerous controversies regarding the ideas and concepts of communism formulated in newspapers which are still the subject of heated debates today. Marx (1998) opened the book with: “The history of all hitherto existing societies is the history of class struggles.” (page 4). He carefully examined the class differences and social inequality between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie, two terms he coined to represent respectively the social classes that do not own the means of production and the social classes that own the means of production. Since the Communist Manifesto was produced in an era of great social unrest, it was the result of Marx's desire to eliminate the gap between the two classes in order to improve the social, political and economic conditions of the proletarians. To achieve equality, Marx encouraged proletarians to conspire against the bourgeoisie to end the exploitation of the lower social classes and create a communist society in which class distinction was a leap of the imagination. However, his ideal called for changes to which a society cannot successfully adapt and which ultimately do not guarantee equality. Marx's theories were based exclusively on class stratification and ignored many other factors that contribute to the foundation of a society. The entire list of demands outlining the rules and regulations of communism offers fundamentally no fairness. Communism disrupts the entire system of social exchange which will ultimately corrupt the economy of a society. Therefore, the theories introduced in Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto are not relevant in modern industrialized societies mainly because they focus only on the issue of class stratification and neglect the other complications involved in a society. Marx (1998) believed that “Society as a whole is increasingly divided into two great enemy camps, into two directly opposed great classes: the bourgeoisie and the proletariat.” (page 4). It was a fundamental mistake to polarize people exclusively into classes instead of taking into consideration the other factors that contribute to the construction of a society such as traditions, religious ideologies, trust, laws, cultures and the like. The attempt to create a balance exclusively between classes will cause new and serious problems that cannot be solved with Marx's theories.