2.0 Introduction This literature review chapter will study self-employment intention and entrepreneurial risk among business and economics undergraduate students. Furthermore, self-employment intention factor, entrepreneurial benefits, challenges in entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial behavior will be discussed in this chapter. Furthermore, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and risky entrepreneurship that influenced the intention to be self-employed will be discussed. 2.1 Entrepreneurship or self-employment Entrepreneurship can be defined as a process of innovation and creation across the four dimensions of individual, organization, environment and process in collaboration with government, education and institution (Kuratko & Hodgetts, 2004) . From this statement it emerges that the individual who becomes entrepreneurial has a process of innovation and training in the business world has also influenced the individual attitude to choose self-employment as a career. According to Sexton and Landstrom (2000), the entrepreneur is an individual who is concerned with all aspects related to business, including the individual, innovation, commercial orientation and corporate behavior. According to Ahn (2009) individuals who work in their own business which gives them a reward such as profit will be known as self-employed. 2.1.1 Perception The desirability of perception according to Shapero and Sokol (1982) perception is the social and cultural factor expressed by the individual through the process of formation of the value of individuals. For example, if there is value in challenge and anticipation, it will seem like a congruent professional lifestyle that gives them satisfaction regarding their needs for challenge and anticipation… middle of paper… viour (Ajzen, 1991 ) is another intention model and has been used for its predictive power and applicability across a variety of content domains, including entrepreneurship. This research attempts to explore how behaviors such as beliefs, attitudes and intention relationships inform a person's intention to become self-employed and take on the risk of entrepreneurship. The model shows that attitudes towards behavior, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control will cause the person to perceive behavioral intention to become self-employed. Intention is influenced by the individual's behavior in choosing self-employment as a career option. These reports are based on literature reviews that tend to support this conceptual model. To clearly explain the theoretical model, the Conceptual Framework indicating the relevant variable is reported below: