Topic > Essay on Lead Poisoning - 667

Lead is considered a toxic heavy metal. It is found naturally in the earth's crust. However, it tends to combine with other elements to form lead compounds. (Register, 2011). Furthermore, it has no known function in the body and, in case of excessive accumulation, whether acute or chronic, will cause a wide range of metabolic dysfunctions by interfering with normal metabolic functions (Analytical Research Laboratories, 2012). From a historical perspective, most, if not all, humans have accumulated lead in their bodies throughout their daily lives. In extreme cases, i.e. when there is too much lead in the body, it has been known to cause lead poisoning. To fully understand this phenomenon we must first recognize; how lead enters the body, how it is distributed, and how and whether it is eliminated. There are many factors that contribute to increased amounts of lead in the environment, for example environmental lead occurs from the burning of leaded petrol, from battery and foundry industries and is also found in ink and paper. Additionally, many canned food products are sealed with lead solder (Analytical Research Laboratories, 2012). Due to the enormous amount of lead in the environment, exposure is inevitable. In contrast, there are three main ways lead can enter the body: inhalation, ingestion, or absorption through the skin. It can be inhaled when burned or melted, releasing some of the lead as smoke and/or when dust containing lead becomes airborne. In terms of ingestion, lead can be ingested through drinking water, when lead-containing dust particles come into contact with food or food preparation surfaces, etc. In special cases involving...... half of the paper...... te in the bone, with a half-life of years or decades (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). Therefore, individuals exposed to lead over a long period of time will have elevated levels of lead present in bone compared to blood and soft tissue. Subsequently, lead that does not accumulate in bones when excreted through urine, about 70% of the time. While to a lesser extent, elimination also occurs through feces, sweat, hair and nails. (Leggett et al. 1993). However, this article will focus on comparing two significantly different lead ingestion rates into the body (blood, soft tissue, and bone) from a mathematical perspective. In other words, to proceed with the comparison, different time intervals (both short and long) will be taken into consideration to graphically illustrate the accumulation of lead in the body.